Historical Sciences Studies

Abstract According to historical sources, Azargoshnesb fire temple was one of the three important Sassanid fire temples. The location of this fire temple is mentioned in Pahlavi Ganzak sources, which the Arabs called Shiz, and its fire temple was lit until the fourth century AH. According to historical sources and archaeological research, Shiz is the current Takht-e Soleiman. Takht-e Soleiman is completely forgotten for two centuries after the fifth century AH. so that in the historical sources there is no mention of this place, but in the reign of Ilkhanate, this place was considered again and a hunting palace was built in it. In this period, Takht-e Soleiman, is referred to as Storliq, Surluq, or Soghorluq and most of the historical developments of Takht-e Soliman in the Islamic period are related to this time. After the Ilkhanate period, during the early Safavid kings, this place was used as a royal hunting ground and in the same period, this place is known as the Takht-e Soleiman. With the change of the Safavid capital and the departure of Takht-e Soleiman from the centers of government, this place was marginalized and forgotten forever in the political history of Iran.

Abstract One of the consequences of the expansion of Iran-Europe relations in the Safavid period was the drawing of maps of Safavid Iran by European cartographers. In the era of European geographical explorations and multilateral relations with Iran, European cartographers, in addition to drawing global, Asian and even regional maps, also drew specific maps of Iran. The drawing of various maps by Europeans of Safavid Iran along with specifying details in the maps shows the location and characteristics of each of the Iranian states in that period. One of the most important states of Iran in the Safavid period was Makran province in southeastern Iran. Makran was important because of its connection with the sea and also as a bridge between Iran and its eastern neighbors, especially India, and was considered by European cartographers. Given that in the historical and geographical sources left from the Safavid period, brief descriptions of Makran remain, and on the other hand, European cartographers drew the map of this state with minor political, natural, human, etc. phenomena, the analysis of Makran historical geography in this The maps are worth discussing. The purpose of this article is to explain the historical geography of Makran in the Safavid period based on historical maps of Europeans from that period, which has been written in a historical way by extracting information from maps and library sources