Historical Sciences Studies

The competition between Russia and England in Iran for the purpose of developing possessions and concluding concession contracts started from the beginning of the Qajar period in the ... Read More

The Role of Atrak Border River in the Relations between Iran and Russia (1356 A.H. 1299 A.H./1261 A.H.)

bagherali adelfar

Volume 15, Issue 3 , December 2023, , Pages 77-104

https://doi.org/10.22059/jhss.2023.366786.473660

Abstract

Atrak River is one of the longest border rivers of Iran, whose source is the heights near Qochan in the north of Khorasan and it travels a path from east to west on the common border ... Read More Atrak River is one of the longest border rivers of Iran, whose source is the heights near Qochan in the north of Khorasan and it travels a path from east to west on the common border of Iran and Russia and recently Turkmenistan. This river has an important place in the political history of the region, a part of it in the Chat area, according to the Akhal Treaty in 1299 AH, became the official and common border of Qajar Iran and the Tsarist Russian Empire and after a few decades after the October Revolution in 1917, it was determined as the border between Iran and the Soviet Union and it was decided that at least 50% of the water of this river will enter the regions of that country. In addition to its border importance, Atrak River has always been of interest in terms of irrigation of agricultural lands and various construction facilities and creation of sources of income. Therefore, giving importance to issues related to water and border rivers such as Atrak in studies of contemporary history plays an important role in determining the behavior of water diplomacy and economic decisions. The present research, using descriptive-analytical method and relying on library and documentary sources, aims to answer the question, what effect did the Atrak River have on the hydropolitical relations of Iran and its neighbors in the direction of stability and reduction of water and border tensions? And what effect did it have on the historical developments of the east of the Caspian Sea, in terms of population and economy? The claim of the research is that due to the changes in the Atrak River bed due to natural causes and human intervention, there have always been problems and tensions in determining the borders of Iran with neighboring lands. Also, the Turkmen-inhabited region on both sides of the river has a desert climate, and the Etrak river basin is one of the water sources of this land, Therefore, the arbitrary withdrawal of water by the countries has caused challenges between the two countries, and to solve this problem, agreements were always signed in different periods, the results of which were the relative interactions of the parties in the last century

Investigating the Causes of the Failure of the English Company of Muscovy in Safavid Iran

hamid hajianpour; khalil salehi

Volume 15, Issue 1 , May 2023, , Pages 23-43

https://doi.org/10.22059/jhss.2023.353538.473619

Abstract

In the 16th century, international trade underwent profound changes, the establishment of trade corporations and new trade routes being among the most significant proofs and evidence. ... Read More

Russia's influence on the economic structure of Gilan from the Nasserite period to the Constitutional Revolution (1847_1906)

Farzaneh ghiasi; amirhossein hatami; bagher ali adelfar; nasrolah poor mohammadi amlashi

Volume 14, Issue 4 , March 2023, , Pages 1-20

https://doi.org/10.22059/jhss.2022.347117.473592

Abstract

Russia's influence on the economic structure of Gilan from the Nasserite period to the Constitutional RevolutionRussia's influence on the economic structure of Gilan from the Nasserite ... Read More

The Impact of Soviet Economic Pressure on Road Construction Policies in Reza Shah's Period: Case Study of Tabriz-Rawanduz Road to Iskenderun

Shahram Gholami

Volume 13, Issue 4 , March 2022, , Pages 99-120

https://doi.org/10.22059/jhss.2022.326980.473448

Abstract

Expanding of the transport routes and having a sea route is the most important comparative advantage for the economic and political stability of a country and reduces dependence on ... Read More

Crown Jewels Issue in the Conflict between Muhammad-Ali Shah and Constitutionalists and the Reaction of the Russian and British Governments; A Study Based on the unpublished Documents.

Seyed Masoud Seyed Bonakdar

Volume 13, Issue 3 , December 2021, , Pages 27-56

https://doi.org/10.22059/jhss.2021.322733.473397

Abstract

After signing the constitutionalism decree and the ratification of the constitution, political and economic powers were reduced and according to the law, the royal financial rights ... Read More

The Great Game and the Herat Question (1828 – 1838)

Farajolah Ahmadi; Arwin Ghaemian

Volume 11, Issue 2 , March 2020, , Pages 1-20

https://doi.org/10.22059/jhss.2019.278907.473098

Abstract

The Great Game of Russia and Britain, which began in the early nineteenth century, led to the confrontation of the two powers in Iran until the early twentieth century. The Russian-British ... Read More

An Analysis of the Tactics of the Jungle Movement in the Battle against the English Troops

Aboutaleb Soltanian

Volume 11, Issue 2 , March 2020, , Pages 103-122

https://doi.org/10.22059/jhss.2020.281053.473116

Abstract

In the final years of the First World War, the Jungle Movement went into a battle against the English troops resulted from the military changes of the Caucasian region. The English ... Read More

Armenians' Relations with Russian Policies in the Caucasus (1700- 1828)

Volume 9, Issue 2 , March 2018, , Pages 51-70

https://doi.org/10.22059/jhss.2018.251966.472945

Abstract

Abstract The Caucasus region has had a great importance in the Iranian history since ancient times and has played a major role in the main developments of Iranian foreign relations. ... Read More

Traditionalists and the New Russian Order in Occupied Lands of Transoxiana

Seyyede Fahime Ebrahimi

Volume 6, Issue 2 , March 2015, , Pages 1-20

https://doi.org/10.22059/jhss.2015.56602

Abstract

The military domination of Russia on Transoxiana imported, for the first time, the title of Russian Turkestan in political geography in 19 century. What belongs to this territory includes ... Read More

Siemens Brothers and Communications Revolution

Farajollah Ahmadi

Volume 3, Issue 1 , August 2011, , Pages 1-24

Abstract

Although the history of communication is as old as history of human society, the speed and volume of communication with the advent of electronic era in the 19th century created a revolution ... Read More

French Threats and Sir John Malcom’s Plan for Occupying Khārk Island(1798-1809 AD)

Ahmadi Farajollāh

Volume 1, Issue 1 , December 2009, , Pages 17-40

Abstract

With the French occupation of Egypt in 1798 AD, the communication route of Britain to India was threatened and a new stage of conflict and competition began between the two countries ... Read More

Volume 15 (2023)

Volume 14 (2022)

Volume 13 (2021)

Volume 12 (2020)

Volume 11 (2019)

Volume 9 (2018)

Volume 10 (2018)

Volume 8 (2017)

Volume 7 (2015)

Volume 6 (2015)

Volume 5 (2013)

Volume 4 (2013)

Volume 3 (2011)

Volume 1 (2009)

Keywords = Russia

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