Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

• Abdulvadood sepahi ¹
• Abdolah Safarzaie ²

¹ عضو هیات علمی

² Department of History, Faculty of Humanities and Management, Velayat University, Iranshahr, Iran

Abstract

Makoran was a vast territory in southeastern Iran between the third and eighth centuries AH, encompassing a large part of present-day Baluchistan. Makran is mentioned in geographical sources in different periods. According to geographical and historical writings from the third to eighth centuries AH, it was limited to Sistan from the north, to the Makran Sea (Oman) from the south, to the Indus from the east, and to Kerman from the west. During the aforementioned centuries, numerous political fluctuations and changes occurred in eastern and southeastern Iran, and numerous governments with diverse borders and political structures came to power. On the other hand, the extent of the states, the definition of the states in more detail, and the determination of the boundaries and boundaries of the states were also areas of disagreement among geographers. Given the extent of the state of Makoran during this period, the changing political structure and borders of the governments, and the lack of direct visits by geographers to Makoran during that period, the question arises as to how the geographical texts from the third to eighth centuries AH described the land of Makoran. Since most geographers from the third to the eighth century AH did not refer directly to Makoran and described this land based on indirect reports, the information provided in these texts indicates that the sources used by the authors were limited and the reports contained in the geographical texts were mostly similar, repetitive, and in some cases inaccurate and wrong.

Keywords

• Makran
• geographical texts
• 3rd century
• 8th century
• geographers

Main Subjects

• History