Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1 PH.D. Candidate of Department of History, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
2 Associate Professor Department of History, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Abstract
Iran and Ottoman Empire passed through a similar historical process while trying in the path toward achieving of modernity after various competitions and involvements with each other in post-modern era at the second half of 19th century and first quarter of 20th century. After taking power by Ataturk in Turkey and Pahlavi First in Iran, these ties were placed in a new trend between two countries. Entry of these two countries into interest group of modernity and their overt attempts to approach to the Western Bloc prepared the ground for common sociopolitical interests among them. The first steps taken by Iran and Turkey in developing relations with each other were mainly tended to some cultural measures e.g. exchange of students and teachers and also texts with literary and historical values. During World War II, this trend did not continue and both countries concentrated their attention on political and security issues. After the end of the War and formation of Bipolar World, especially with respect to the climate of Cold War, two countries, which were now assumed as US allies, tended to establish cordial relations. Based on these considerations, they developed relations with each other within framework of some accords e.g. Baghdad Treaty, Central Treaty Organization (CENTO) and Regional Cooperation for Development (RCD) Organization and they put development of cultural relations on their agenda. A cultural treaty was signed among both sides in 1959 (1337h.s) which specified the framework of cultural relations among both countries. Several associations and institutions were established and innovated by some of statesmen, intellectuals and leading merchants to improve and advance cultural relations between two countries at this period such as Iran-Turkey Friendship Association, Association of Friendship and Cultural Relations among Iran and Turkey, Turk-Iranian Females Friendship and Culture Society, Association of Adherents of Regional Cooperation for Development (RCD). The present paper aims to analyze cultural relations among Iran and Turkey during era of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi (Shah) by focusing on cultural associations and institutions and it has been written using descriptive-analytical method and based on documented and librarian sources. Persian and Turkish documents as well as conducted studies have been widely and simultaneously utilized in both languages in this paper for the first time
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