Historical Sciences Studies

Based on the documents left from the Sassanid period, such as inscriptions, seals and Pahlavi texts, it is clear to us that the choice of compound names for cities was very common in ... Read More Based on the documents left from the Sassanid period, such as inscriptions, seals and Pahlavi texts, it is clear to us that the choice of compound names for cities was very common in this era. The evidence shows that the names of Sassanid Iranian cities, which were chosen in compound form, were composed of two or three words and even more. In this period of history and a lot earlier than in addition to the names of cities, Iranians followed this naming method in various social, political and even military matters. The interest in choosing compound names was such that the Sasanians used compound names even for their children. We observe that due to the importance of the tradition of urban planning in the Sassanid era and the issue of naming those cities, the Sassanid emperors used their own names to name newly founded cities. This issue in itself led to the discovery of new compound words in the Sasanian era, which investigating them opens another window for researchers to study Sasanian history. In this way, the chosen name was a combined name, one of which was the name of the king who built that city. It is because of this naming method that the compound names of many cities from the Sassanid era have remained today. Now, by examining the abbreviated signs of the compound names of the cities that remain in the Sassanid mosques, and also matching them with the Sasanian inscriptions, seals, and Pahlavi texts that contain the full form of these cities with compound names, we will obtain the abbreviated signs of these names and also We will identify their geographical location precisely. The research on this issue will also show that a compound name consisting of two, three or even four words was used for the purpose of political propaganda of kings in the form of an abbreviated name in introducing the names of cities. In this article, we will introduce the compound names, the reason for their occurrence, and the way to abbreviate them

Research Paper

A Sasanian Clay seal of the Ostandar of Marvrud in Greater Khorasan

Mohammad Hasani

Volume 15, Issue 3 , December 2023, Pages 23-50

https://doi.org/10.22059/jhss.2023.361503.473645

Abstract

This article discusses the Sasanian clay seal in Pahlavi script from the private collection of Mojtaba Zadeh-Khorasani. The first seal refers to the position of "Ostandar (Governor) ... Read More

Research Paper

Russian and British Consular Relations in Sistan at the End of the Qajar Period

abdolah safarzaie; Nahid Barahui

Volume 15, Issue 3 , December 2023, Pages 51-76

https://doi.org/10.22059/jhss.2023.358792.473634

Abstract

The competition between Russia and England in Iran for the purpose of developing possessions and concluding concession contracts started from the beginning of the Qajar period in the ... Read More

Research Paper

The Role of Atrak Border River in the Relations between Iran and Russia (1356 A.H. 1299 A.H./1261 A.H.)

bagherali adelfar

Volume 15, Issue 3 , December 2023, Pages 77-104

https://doi.org/10.22059/jhss.2023.366786.473660

Abstract

Atrak River is one of the longest border rivers of Iran, whose source is the heights near Qochan in the north of Khorasan and it travels a path from east to west on the common border ... Read More Atrak River is one of the longest border rivers of Iran, whose source is the heights near Qochan in the north of Khorasan and it travels a path from east to west on the common border of Iran and Russia and recently Turkmenistan. This river has an important place in the political history of the region, a part of it in the Chat area, according to the Akhal Treaty in 1299 AH, became the official and common border of Qajar Iran and the Tsarist Russian Empire and after a few decades after the October Revolution in 1917, it was determined as the border between Iran and the Soviet Union and it was decided that at least 50% of the water of this river will enter the regions of that country. In addition to its border importance, Atrak River has always been of interest in terms of irrigation of agricultural lands and various construction facilities and creation of sources of income. Therefore, giving importance to issues related to water and border rivers such as Atrak in studies of contemporary history plays an important role in determining the behavior of water diplomacy and economic decisions. The present research, using descriptive-analytical method and relying on library and documentary sources, aims to answer the question, what effect did the Atrak River have on the hydropolitical relations of Iran and its neighbors in the direction of stability and reduction of water and border tensions? And what effect did it have on the historical developments of the east of the Caspian Sea, in terms of population and economy? The claim of the research is that due to the changes in the Atrak River bed due to natural causes and human intervention, there have always been problems and tensions in determining the borders of Iran with neighboring lands. Also, the Turkmen-inhabited region on both sides of the river has a desert climate, and the Etrak river basin is one of the water sources of this land, Therefore, the arbitrary withdrawal of water by the countries has caused challenges between the two countries, and to solve this problem, agreements were always signed in different periods, the results of which were the relative interactions of the parties in the last century

Research Paper

A Comparative Study of the Representation of Sīratu Rasūli l-Lāh (PBUH) and the History of Islam in Hagarism and Faces of Muhammad

Behnam Nasr Isfahani; Asghar Montazerolghaem; Ali akbar Kajbaf

Volume 15, Issue 3 , December 2023, Pages 105-125

https://doi.org/10.22059/jhss.2023.361830.473647

Abstract

Patricia Crone and John V. Tolan represent two directions in Islamic studies, extremism and traditionalism. Extremism revolved around negating the credibility of the resources of Islamic ... Read More Patricia Crone and John V. Tolan represent two directions in Islamic studies, extremism and traditionalism. Extremism revolved around negating the credibility of the resources of Islamic history and endeavoring to reshape and rewrite Sīratu Rasūli l-Lāh (PBUH) and the accurate history of Islam by making reference to non-Islamic historical resources. On the other hand, The fundamentals of their rival stream viz traditionalism include trusting and believing in the credibility of the resources of Islamic history, assigning historical centrality for the accounts across the history of Islam. From the 1970s onward, the Revisionist school of Islamic studies replaced the extremist campaign and tried to extend the foundations of extremism that Patricia Crone’s Hagarism: The Making of the Islamic World(Written in collaboration with Michael Cook), is one of the results of this skepticism and the extremism of the revisionists. On the other hand, as a way of responding to the efforts and extremist actions of the revisionists, traditionalists reacted scientifically, and John Tolan’s Faces of Muhammad: Western Perceptions of the Prophet of Islam from the Middle Ages to Today, is one of the most remarkable instances. The present study, which was carried out using a descriptive-analytical methodology by making reference to library resources, aimed to compare the representation and introduction of Sīratu Rasūli l-Lāh (PBUH) and the history of Islam in the views of Patricia Crone and John Tolan according to Hagarism and Faces of Muhammad. The main question of the study revolved around the similarities and differences between the two books in terms of representation. The study hypothesized that Hagarism reflected the Revisionist ’ skeptical foundations and thoughts, while faces of Muhammad – despite implicitly approving some of the Revisionist ’ ideas – adopted a traditional approach and opposed the opinions propagated by reformists

Research Paper

The Physical and Economic Development of Fustat from 256 to 564 A.H

Masoud Vakilitanha; Abbas Adavoudi jolfaei

Volume 15, Issue 3 , December 2023, Pages 127-152

https://doi.org/10.22059/jhss.2023.364301.473652

Abstract

This study aims to delve into the historical development and fluctuations in Fustat’s economic and urban growth during the Tulunid, Ikhshidid, and Fatimid dynasties. Situated ... Read More

Historical Sciences Studies

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Volume & Issue: Volume 15, Issue 3 - Serial Number 35, December 2023, Pages 1-170

Using Compound Nnames in the Naming of Sasanian Mints with Reference to Muskets, Seals and Pahlavi Texts

Abstract

A Sasanian Clay seal of the Ostandar of Marvrud in Greater Khorasan

Abstract

Russian and British Consular Relations in Sistan at the End of the Qajar Period

Abstract

The Role of Atrak Border River in the Relations between Iran and Russia (1356 A.H. 1299 A.H./1261 A.H.)

Abstract

A Comparative Study of the Representation of Sīratu Rasūli l-Lāh (PBUH) and the History of Islam in Hagarism and Faces of Muhammad

Abstract

The Physical and Economic Development of Fustat from 256 to 564 A.H

Abstract