Historical Sciences Studies

Analysis of the Battle of Raphia: Background, Causes, and Consequences

Parviz Hossein Talaee

Volume 15, Issue 4 , February 2024, , Pages 1-26

https://doi.org/10.22059/jhss.2024.369376.473673

Abstract

The Seleucid Empire and the Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt were dynasties that arose after the conquests of Alexander the Great. During the life of their dynasty, they were involved in ... Read More

Vakil al-Dawla (the Deputy of Kingship) or Vakil al-Raya(the Deputy of Peasants): A Research on the Title of Karim Khan Zand

Farhad Zeinivand Nejad; Seyed Hashem Aghajari

Volume 15, Issue 4 , February 2024, , Pages 27-54

https://doi.org/10.22059/jhss.2024.368072.473670

Abstract

“Karim Khan Zand” is one of the most prominent people who was able to establish his rule over important parts of Iran after the death of “Nader Shah Afshar”. ... Read More “Karim Khan Zand” is one of the most prominent people who was able to establish his rule over important parts of Iran after the death of “Nader Shah Afshar”. Many stories have been told about his behavior and character in different sources, one of the most important of these quotes is about “Karim Khan Zand”'s title, which means "Vakil al-Raaya". Later, many researchers have given many reasons in response to the attribution of this title to “Karim Khan Zand”, which are not consistent with historical documents and sources, and in addition, with the political and social context of Iran's pre-constitutional society. Therefore, the main question of this research is, when was the title "Vakil al-Raya" used for “Karim Khan” and what are the factors affecting its use? This research answers these questions with a historical method and a descriptive-analytical approach, relying on the content analysis of the documents and the critical study of the historical sources of" the Zand dynasty" and "Qajar" periods. The results of this research show that the contemporary sources of "Karim Khan Zand" did not mention this title during his lifetime, on the other hand, "Karim Khan Zand" also considered himself as "Vakil al-Dawlah" of ” Ismail III" after the defeat of the claimants. For the first time, under “Majamal al-Tawarikh,” by “Kohmera” mentions “Karim Khan” with the title of “Vakil al-Raaya”, the reason for which was his interest in “Khan Zand” and “Khan Zand”'s actions for the prosperity and well-being of the people.Also, the writing of the following and referring to this nickname is late from the time of Karim Khan. What is clear is that many researchers consider the title of Vakil al-Raya for Karim Khan as a proof of the existence of some kind of political relationship between him and the people, which is a distinct feature of the political order of the modern era. But according to the available documents, it can be said that such a perception cannot represent the type of relationship between the people and the ruler during “the Zand dynasty” period; Because it was with the constitutional revolution that Iranians were able to put aside the old political order and implement a new order based on representation in Iran. Based on this, it can be said that in addition to historical documents, the political structure of Iran during” the Zand dynasty” period could not be a place for such a relationship

The Image of Achaemenid Emperors in the Writings of Aeschylus and Herodotus: Comparing the Narratives

Ehsan allah Sebtosheikh; Farajollah Ahmadi; Roozbeh Zarrinkoob

Volume 15, Issue 4 , February 2024, , Pages 55-78

https://doi.org/10.22059/jhss.2024.370407.473680

Abstract

This Study depicts the narratives of Aeschylus and Herodotus about the Achaemenid emperors and tries to show how they gave a narrative about the Achaemenid emperors and what sources ... Read More This Study depicts the narratives of Aeschylus and Herodotus about the Achaemenid emperors and tries to show how they gave a narrative about the Achaemenid emperors and what sources they relied on in this regard. Its importance lies in a better understanding of Herodotus’s historiography and its use of Aeschylus’s narration among other sources. The main question and the problem that has been raised is to what sources did Aeschylus and Herodotus use in their narration and what narration they give. The approach and the research Methodology of this study is a thought. This means that it puts the narratives of Aeschylus and Herodotus next to each other to find out how they gave a narrative about the Achaemenid emperors. The thesis is that Aeschylus, who himself witnessed the Persian campaign, while giving a first-hand account, rewrote it based on the model of Greek tragedies, and Herodotus, while largely is influenced by Aeschylus’ account of the Achaemenid emperors and Xerxes’ campaign to Greece, he used other sources in his narration. As a result and data, the narratives of Aeschylus and Herodotus about the Achaemenid emperors and Xerxes’s campaign to Greece show similarities and differences. Based on the model of Greek tragedies, Aeschylus’s narrative tells the story of Xerxes’ campaign as a king whose delusions lead him to do brazen actions that involve an inevitable fate from the gods. Herodotus’ narrative is largely derived from Aeschylus’s narrative. The ups and downs that Herodotus depicts in the lives of the Achaemenid emperors and especially Xerxes and the influence of the intervention of gods and fate in their lives are all reminiscent of the ancient Greek tragedies, here specifically the Persians of Aeschylus. At the same time, Herodotus also uses other sources and gives more details than Aeschylus to show the reasons and agents of this campaign as a historian. Despite this, Aeschylus’s narrative is decades ahead of Herodotus’s narrative and is closer to the time of the event. Also, his narration of the Achaemenid emperors, as narrated by Atossa, Darius and Xerxes, has significant differences from Herodotus’s narration

The Emirate of Baban and the Security of the Western Territory of Iran (1798-1820)

Nasrollah Salehi

Volume 15, Issue 4 , February 2024, , Pages 79-101

https://doi.org/10.22059/jhss.2024.367782.473665

Abstract

The role and position of the Kurdish Baban Emirate in Iran-Ottoman relations has been neglected. The main problem of the present research is to investigate the impact of the Ottoman ... Read More The role and position of the Kurdish Baban Emirate in Iran-Ottoman relations has been neglected. The main problem of the present research is to investigate the impact of the Ottoman central government's inability in the eastern provinces on the security of the western territory of Iran. Emirate of Baban and Pashalik of Baghdad were provinces far from the Ottoman center. The territories of both rulers were separated from the territory of Iran after the Zohab Treaty, but Iran's influence and role in Baban and Baghdad never disappeared. The inability and unwilling of the Ottoman central government - especially from the twelfth century to the middle of the thirteenth century - had led to a power vacuum in the eastern provinces. Such a situation was a serious threat to the western territory of Iran. As the subjects and borderlands of Iran were exposed many times to the raids of the Kurds and Arabs of the territory of Baban and Baghdad. In order to ensure the security of its territory, as well as maintaining and continuing its role and influence in the territory of Baban, Iran was inevitably involved in the conflicts between Baban and Baghdad. Some researchers have wrongly considered Iran's involvement in Baban and Baghdad issues as "interference". While Iran's involvement was as a legitimate right to Self-Defense. In the present research, the claim of Iran's "interference" has been rejected by a descriptive-analytical method and a critical approach, citing Iranian and Ottoman documents and sources. Because the involvement of Iran in the affairs of Baban and Baghdad was more than based on the will of the Iran, it was caused by the inability and unwillingness of the Ottoman government in the eastern provinces. Basically, the Ottoman government was considered among the unable or unwilling states from the point of view of international law. In order to ensure the security of its subjects and borderlands, Iran sometimes had to use force, except for political and diplomatic ways

Relations between Iran and Oman, and its Consequences on the Countries of the Persian Gulf Cooperation Council, from 1981 to 2015

Nouddin Nemati; Ahmad Kurdiea

Volume 15, Issue 4 , February 2024, , Pages 103-127

https://doi.org/10.22059/jhss.2024.372294.473691

Abstract

The relations between Oman and Iran have a very long history. This longstanding connection is clearly documented in historical records over the past century, showcasing the diplomatic ... Read More The relations between Oman and Iran have a very long history. This longstanding connection is clearly documented in historical records over the past century, showcasing the diplomatic engagements between the two nations. Numerous factors, contexts, and platforms have shaped the Omani rulers' approach, marking them as individuals of high tolerance towards other states and nations in local, regional, and international politics. Oman's strategic position at the Strait of Hormuz, coupled with its identity as a Muslim country boasting ethnic diversity—including Arab, Iranian, Indian, Chinese, and Pakistani communities—has enriched its cultural, religious, social, and linguistic tapestry. This diversity within the social structure of its rulers has enabled Oman to undertake political actions aimed at fostering political solidarity and an internal bond of tolerance among all ethnic groups, thereby embodying these values.Such practices have positioned Oman as a nation characterized by tolerance, balance in behavior, and stability in local, regional, and international policy adoption. Historical documents and texts reveal that Omani rulers have held a prestigious status in various fields, significantly contributing to de-escalating tensions and preventing conflicts among Muslim countries. By embracing a policy that spans political, social, economic, religious, cultural, linguistic, and security dimensions, Oman has played a pivotal role in peacefully resolving local, regional, and international disputes. Notable examples of Oman's diplomatic interventions include its involvement in the Iran-Iraq war, nuclear negotiations, the Iraq-Kuwait conflict, the signing of numerous oil, gas, and security agreements in the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea, facilitating hostage releases, and the exchange of cultural, artistic, and media delegations.Moreover, Oman has been instrumental in mediating significant issues such as the conflict between Ansar Allah (the Houthis) and Saudi Arabia, showcasing its commitment to peace and security in the region. This aspect of Omani diplomacy merits attention as a critical historical topic in international relations.The current research aims to examine the role and position of the Omani government in its relations with Iran from the pre-revolutionary period to the present, based on historical documents and evidence. By employing a descriptive, explanatory, and analytical method, this study addresses the underlying factors, grounds, substrates, and motives that have sustained the balanced and relatively stable relationship between Oman and Iran since before the revolution.Preliminary findings suggest that various factors and contexts have historically underpinned the positive and robust relationship between Oman and Iran. Oman's role as a mediator in regional and international conflicts has contributed to outcomes favoring peace, friendship, and security in the Persian Gulf. This research focuses exclusively on the diplomatic interactions between Oman and Iran, emphasizing the significance of their cooperative efforts while other matters remain beyond its scope

Naming the Gates of Jay and the Famine Under Sassanian King Pērōz

Leili Varahram

Volume 15, Issue 4 , February 2024, , Pages 129-150

https://doi.org/10.22059/jhss.2024.373659.473699

Abstract

Mafaroukhi and Abunoaym Isfahani, in their books about the history of Isfahan, said that the Sassanian king Pērōz ordered an Isfahani architect, named Āzarshāpour, son of Āzarmāhān, ... Read More

Using Compound Nnames in the Naming of Sasanian Mints with Reference to Muskets, Seals and Pahlavi Texts

Hakimeh Ahmadizadeh Shendi; Reza Shabani; Javad Heravi

Volume 15, Issue 3 , December 2023, , Pages 1-22

https://doi.org/10.22059/jhss.2023.359721.473638

Abstract

Based on the documents left from the Sassanid period, such as inscriptions, seals and Pahlavi texts, it is clear to us that the choice of compound names for cities was very common in ... Read More Based on the documents left from the Sassanid period, such as inscriptions, seals and Pahlavi texts, it is clear to us that the choice of compound names for cities was very common in this era. The evidence shows that the names of Sassanid Iranian cities, which were chosen in compound form, were composed of two or three words and even more. In this period of history and a lot earlier than in addition to the names of cities, Iranians followed this naming method in various social, political and even military matters. The interest in choosing compound names was such that the Sasanians used compound names even for their children. We observe that due to the importance of the tradition of urban planning in the Sassanid era and the issue of naming those cities, the Sassanid emperors used their own names to name newly founded cities. This issue in itself led to the discovery of new compound words in the Sasanian era, which investigating them opens another window for researchers to study Sasanian history. In this way, the chosen name was a combined name, one of which was the name of the king who built that city. It is because of this naming method that the compound names of many cities from the Sassanid era have remained today. Now, by examining the abbreviated signs of the compound names of the cities that remain in the Sassanid mosques, and also matching them with the Sasanian inscriptions, seals, and Pahlavi texts that contain the full form of these cities with compound names, we will obtain the abbreviated signs of these names and also We will identify their geographical location precisely. The research on this issue will also show that a compound name consisting of two, three or even four words was used for the purpose of political propaganda of kings in the form of an abbreviated name in introducing the names of cities. In this article, we will introduce the compound names, the reason for their occurrence, and the way to abbreviate them

A Sasanian Clay seal of the Ostandar of Marvrud in Greater Khorasan

Mohammad Hasani

Volume 15, Issue 3 , December 2023, , Pages 23-50

https://doi.org/10.22059/jhss.2023.361503.473645

Abstract

This article discusses the Sasanian clay seal in Pahlavi script from the private collection of Mojtaba Zadeh-Khorasani. The first seal refers to the position of "Ostandar (Governor) ... Read More

Russian and British Consular Relations in Sistan at the End of the Qajar Period

abdolah safarzaie; Nahid Barahui

Volume 15, Issue 3 , December 2023, , Pages 51-76

https://doi.org/10.22059/jhss.2023.358792.473634

Abstract

The competition between Russia and England in Iran for the purpose of developing possessions and concluding concession contracts started from the beginning of the Qajar period in the ... Read More

The Role of Atrak Border River in the Relations between Iran and Russia (1356 A.H. 1299 A.H./1261 A.H.)

bagherali adelfar

Volume 15, Issue 3 , December 2023, , Pages 77-104

https://doi.org/10.22059/jhss.2023.366786.473660

Abstract

Atrak River is one of the longest border rivers of Iran, whose source is the heights near Qochan in the north of Khorasan and it travels a path from east to west on the common border ... Read More Atrak River is one of the longest border rivers of Iran, whose source is the heights near Qochan in the north of Khorasan and it travels a path from east to west on the common border of Iran and Russia and recently Turkmenistan. This river has an important place in the political history of the region, a part of it in the Chat area, according to the Akhal Treaty in 1299 AH, became the official and common border of Qajar Iran and the Tsarist Russian Empire and after a few decades after the October Revolution in 1917, it was determined as the border between Iran and the Soviet Union and it was decided that at least 50% of the water of this river will enter the regions of that country. In addition to its border importance, Atrak River has always been of interest in terms of irrigation of agricultural lands and various construction facilities and creation of sources of income. Therefore, giving importance to issues related to water and border rivers such as Atrak in studies of contemporary history plays an important role in determining the behavior of water diplomacy and economic decisions. The present research, using descriptive-analytical method and relying on library and documentary sources, aims to answer the question, what effect did the Atrak River have on the hydropolitical relations of Iran and its neighbors in the direction of stability and reduction of water and border tensions? And what effect did it have on the historical developments of the east of the Caspian Sea, in terms of population and economy? The claim of the research is that due to the changes in the Atrak River bed due to natural causes and human intervention, there have always been problems and tensions in determining the borders of Iran with neighboring lands. Also, the Turkmen-inhabited region on both sides of the river has a desert climate, and the Etrak river basin is one of the water sources of this land, Therefore, the arbitrary withdrawal of water by the countries has caused challenges between the two countries, and to solve this problem, agreements were always signed in different periods, the results of which were the relative interactions of the parties in the last century

A Comparative Study of the Representation of Sīratu Rasūli l-Lāh (PBUH) and the History of Islam in Hagarism and Faces of Muhammad

Behnam Nasr Isfahani; Asghar Montazerolghaem; Ali akbar Kajbaf

Volume 15, Issue 3 , December 2023, , Pages 105-125

https://doi.org/10.22059/jhss.2023.361830.473647

Abstract

Patricia Crone and John V. Tolan represent two directions in Islamic studies, extremism and traditionalism. Extremism revolved around negating the credibility of the resources of Islamic ... Read More Patricia Crone and John V. Tolan represent two directions in Islamic studies, extremism and traditionalism. Extremism revolved around negating the credibility of the resources of Islamic history and endeavoring to reshape and rewrite Sīratu Rasūli l-Lāh (PBUH) and the accurate history of Islam by making reference to non-Islamic historical resources. On the other hand, The fundamentals of their rival stream viz traditionalism include trusting and believing in the credibility of the resources of Islamic history, assigning historical centrality for the accounts across the history of Islam. From the 1970s onward, the Revisionist school of Islamic studies replaced the extremist campaign and tried to extend the foundations of extremism that Patricia Crone’s Hagarism: The Making of the Islamic World(Written in collaboration with Michael Cook), is one of the results of this skepticism and the extremism of the revisionists. On the other hand, as a way of responding to the efforts and extremist actions of the revisionists, traditionalists reacted scientifically, and John Tolan’s Faces of Muhammad: Western Perceptions of the Prophet of Islam from the Middle Ages to Today, is one of the most remarkable instances. The present study, which was carried out using a descriptive-analytical methodology by making reference to library resources, aimed to compare the representation and introduction of Sīratu Rasūli l-Lāh (PBUH) and the history of Islam in the views of Patricia Crone and John Tolan according to Hagarism and Faces of Muhammad. The main question of the study revolved around the similarities and differences between the two books in terms of representation. The study hypothesized that Hagarism reflected the Revisionist ’ skeptical foundations and thoughts, while faces of Muhammad – despite implicitly approving some of the Revisionist ’ ideas – adopted a traditional approach and opposed the opinions propagated by reformists

Actions and challenges of Iran's political elites in taking advantage of American knowledge in the oil industry (from 1322 to 1344)

Fereshte Jahani; Mohammad Amir Ahmadzadeh

Volume 15, Issue 2 , September 2023, , Pages 1-20

https://doi.org/10.22059/jhss.2023.361498.473644

Abstract

One of the most important challenges and debates raised in the works and documents of Iran's post-constitutional elites has been the discussion about American economic developments, ... Read More

The Last Days of Urartu's Rule, Historical Knowledge and Archaeological Evidenc

Mansour Hamdollahzadeh; Mehrdad Malekzadeh; Maryam Dara

Volume 15, Issue 2 , September 2023, , Pages 21-41

https://doi.org/10.22059/jhss.2023.358164.473632

Abstract

The last years of Urartu's rule due to the unrest in the middle of the 7th century BC. Despite the existence of many works and deposits from that period, it has some ambiguities and ... Read More

Women's Financial Issues in Stūrīh Situation on the Documents of Tabarestȃn

Parvin Davari; Esmaeil Sangari; Hamidreza Pashazanous

Volume 15, Issue 2 , September 2023, , Pages 43-61

https://doi.org/10.22059/jhss.2023.359312.473636

Abstract

Sasanid Empire fell in 651 AD, with the invasion of the Arabs, however, the literary and archaeological evidence left by them shows that their jurisprudential-legal heritage remained ... Read More

Evolution of Sufism Jobs from Constitutional Revolution to End of Pahlavi Period

Akram Goli; Hadi Vakili

Volume 15, Issue 2 , September 2023, , Pages 63-84

https://doi.org/10.22059/jhss.2023.354351.473639

Abstract

One of the main teachings of Sufism is disregard for the world and the material sphere. This doctrine did not cause Sufis to give up their careers and financial resources because the ... Read More

Mirza Muhammad Akhbari and the Murder of Tsitsianov (A Research on the Relationship between Fath Ali Shah Qajar and Mirza Mohammad Akhbari)

Kamran Mohammadhoseini; Rasoul Jafarian

Volume 15, Issue 2 , September 2023, , Pages 85-104

https://doi.org/10.22059/jhss.2023.364621.473655

Abstract

The competition between the Mujtahids and the Akhbaris to get closer to the political power and the relationship with Qajar Shah is a chapter in the history of the Shiite clergy in ... Read More The competition between the Mujtahids and the Akhbaris to get closer to the political power and the relationship with Qajar Shah is a chapter in the history of the Shiite clergy in the first half of the 13thcentury. The most famous Akhbari scholar in the first 30 years of the 13th century waz Mirza MuhammadAkhbari who had a hard fight with Mujtahids and also got in touch with Fath-Ali Shah Qajar. One of the main reports about Fath Ali Shah's relationship with Mirza Mohammad Akhbari, which in many sources, is at the center of Mirza Mohammad's life narrative, is the story of his role in the murder of Pavel Dmitriyevich Tsitsianov (17054-1806) (commander of the Russian army in the Iran-Russia wars) or its prediction through occult sciences, spell or prayer. The main question of this article is the validity of the narration of Mirza Mohammad's role in the murder of Tsitsianov by examining the history of the narration of this report, identifying inconsistent and alternative narrations, and evaluating some details of the narration with other historical data. Investigating the story of Tsitsianov's murder is important from several points of view. First, this incident is at the center of most of the narratives about the relationship between the Shah and Mirza Mohammad Akhbari; Second This incident has found an important place in the representation of Mirza's personality and the Shah's relationship with Shiite scholars in historical sources and contemporary research, but it has not been carefully examined from a historical point of view. The findings of this research show that some of the important sources of history and biography of Mirza Mohammad Akhbari have not quoted this report or have given data inconsistent with all or part of the popular narrative. evidences also show that the Shah's good relationship with Mirza Muhammad is not only related to the Mirza's power in occult sciences, but Shah knew Mirza Muhammad as one of the reliable Shiite scholars and used him to criticize the opinions of the mujtahids

Researcher in Documents of Sultanate of Qajar Era (Edicts, Envelopes of Edicts and Signatures)

Alireza Niknejad

Volume 15, Issue 2 , September 2023, , Pages 105-137

https://doi.org/10.22059/jhss.2023.351853.473608

Abstract

Despite the importance of studying and reviewing historical documents, especially the documents of the Qajar dynasty, no written scientific research has been done in this regard, and ... Read More

The Persian Gulf and the Republishing of Iranian Culture and Traditions Until the End of the Safavid Period in the East

Hamid Asadpour; Farajollah Ahmadi; hossein eskandari

Volume 15, Issue 1 , May 2023, , Pages 1-21

https://doi.org/10.22059/jhss.2023.349102.473596

Abstract

Over time, roads have been identified as the vital economic arteries of nations, as they have been one of the fundamental factors and domains in the development of nations. The majority ... Read More

Investigating the Causes of the Failure of the English Company of Muscovy in Safavid Iran

hamid hajianpour; khalil salehi

Volume 15, Issue 1 , May 2023, , Pages 23-43

https://doi.org/10.22059/jhss.2023.353538.473619

Abstract

In the 16th century, international trade underwent profound changes, the establishment of trade corporations and new trade routes being among the most significant proofs and evidence. ... Read More

Hormuz and the integrity of the Pars Sea Area

Ahmad Bazmandegan Khamiri

Volume 15, Issue 1 , May 2023, , Pages 45-70

https://doi.org/10.22059/jhss.2023.359088.473635

Abstract

Throughout its history, the Pars Sea has been regarded as one of the communication routes between East and West Asian economic regions. By facilitating the transfer of goods, this sea ... Read More

Khamseh Bread Crisis (Zanjan) at the End of the Qajar Period; Interventions and Policies of Influential Elders and Groups

hasan rostami; Masood Bayat

Volume 15, Issue 1 , May 2023, , Pages 71-92

https://doi.org/10.22059/jhss.2023.359193.473637

Abstract

The crisis of bread in the Qajar era was directly linked to social, economic and political goals and programs. Khamseh province with central Zanjan was one of the most important points ... Read More

The Effect of Natural Crises on the Condition of Villagers in Isfahan Province during the Pahlavi Period 1925-1978

Shahrzad Mohammadi aeen; aliakbar jafari; ali akbar kajbaf

Volume 15, Issue 1 , May 2023, , Pages 93-126

https://doi.org/10.22059/jhss.2023.353578.473620

Abstract

Unsuitable climatic conditions and natural crises are among the most important dangers that expose the lives of villagers and the existence of villages to various threats. The death ... Read More

The Historical Identity of the Medes or Cimmerians; Manda in the First Millennium BCE

Sorena Firouzi; muhammad amin saadat mehr

Volume 15, Issue 1 , May 2023, , Pages 127-153

https://doi.org/10.22059/jhss.2023.355954.473626

Abstract

In the first half of the first millennium BCE, the invasion to Manai, Urartu, Media, and Assyria by two large military forces was one of the most significant events in the West Asian ... Read More

Russia's influence on the economic structure of Gilan from the Nasserite period to the Constitutional Revolution (1847_1906)

Farzaneh ghiasi; amirhossein hatami; bagher ali adelfar; nasrolah poor mohammadi amlashi

Volume 14, Issue 4 , March 2023, , Pages 1-20

https://doi.org/10.22059/jhss.2022.347117.473592

Abstract

Russia's influence on the economic structure of Gilan from the Nasserite period to the Constitutional RevolutionRussia's influence on the economic structure of Gilan from the Nasserite ... Read More

The first Hosseiniyahs of Iran based on waqf tablets

mohamad mashhadinushabadi

Volume 14, Issue 4 , March 2023, , Pages 21-43

https://doi.org/10.22059/jhss.2022.333086.473499

Abstract

Although the history of Muharram mourning rituals goes back to the Al-Boyeh period, Muharram mourning in Iran developed in such a way during the Safavid period that it required the ... Read More

Volume 15 (2023)

Volume 14 (2022)

Volume 13 (2021)

Volume 12 (2020)

Volume 11 (2019)

Volume 9 (2018)

Volume 10 (2018)

Volume 8 (2017)

Volume 7 (2015)

Volume 6 (2015)

Volume 5 (2013)

Volume 4 (2013)

Volume 3 (2011)

Volume 1 (2009)

Main Subjects = History

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